Acamprosate Treatment: Exploring Acamprosate For Alcohol Use Disorder

Medical Providers:
Dr. Michael Vines, MD
Alex Spritzer, FNP, CARN-AP, PMHNP
Clinical Providers:
Natalie Foster, LPC-S, MS
Last Updated: January 8, 2024

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) remains a major global concern, affecting both physical and mental well-being. As research on Acamprosate progresses, gaining a deeper understanding of how it works, its effectiveness, and possible side effects is essential for individuals pursuing recovery.

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What is Acamprosate?

Acamprosate, sold under the brand name Campral, is an important medication in alcohol addiction treatment, supporting individuals in maintaining abstinence. Approved by the FDA, it works on the central nervous system to help correct the chemical imbalances in the brain linked to alcohol withdrawal and cravings.

The typical dosing schedule is 666 mg per day, taken as two 333 mg tablets three times daily.

Effectiveness of Acamprosate

Clinical studies show that Acamprosate is effective in reducing alcohol cravings and supporting long-term abstinence. Its ability to improve sustained recovery rates makes it a vital component in the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

How Does Acamprosate Work?

Acamprosate also helps stabilize the chemical balance in the brain disrupted by long-term alcohol use, reduces the hyperexcitability of the nervous system during withdrawal, and supports the maintenance of abstinence when used alongside counseling or behavioral therapies.

Boosting GABA and Taurine

By mimicking these calming brain chemicals, Acamprosate can help reduce the overactivity in the brain that drives cravings, potentially enhancing their natural calming effects.

NMDA Receptor Regulation

Research indicates that Acamprosate may affect NMDA receptors in the brain, which can help lessen alcohol cravings and decrease the rewarding effects of alcohol.

Calcium Modulation

Calcium signaling plays a key role in brain cell communication, and Acamprosate calcium may influence these pathways, helping to reduce cravings and curb reward-seeking behaviors associated with alcohol use.

How long does Acamprosate take to work?

Acamprosate usually requires several weeks of consistent use to reach its full therapeutic effect, and the benefits often increase the longer the medication is taken.

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Like any medication, Acamprosate can cause side effects, with some being more common than others. Most reactions are mild, temporary, and often resolve on their own over time. It’s important to notify a healthcare professional and seek immediate medical attention if any concerning symptoms arise.

Reactions can vary from person to person, so not everyone will experience the same side effects.

Side Effects of Acamprosate

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Diarrhea

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Nausea

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Insomnia

Anxiety or Depression

Having Suicidal Thoughts

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Dizziness

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Chest Pain

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Weight Gain or Loss

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Kidney Problems

Warnings and Contraindications

Before starting Acamprosate, it’s important to inform your doctor about any pre-existing medical conditions or relevant medical history, as well as any known allergies to the medication.

This helps ensure the drug is safe for you and reduces the risk of harmful interactions. People with kidney disease, in particular, should not take Acamprosate without consulting their healthcare provider first.

Dosage and Administration

For individuals with moderate renal impairment, defined as a creatinine clearance of 30 to 50 mL/min, the recommended dosage of Acamprosate is three 333 mg tablets per day.

Can you drink on Acamprosate?

Doctors generally advise against consuming alcohol while taking Acamprosate. Although immediate harmful reactions may not occur, alcohol can reduce the medication’s effectiveness.

Even small amounts can trigger cravings and increase the risk of relapse, and in severe cases, overdose can be life-threatening. Maintaining complete abstinence from alcohol is essential while on this treatment.

Acamprosate provides several benefits for individuals recovering from alcohol dependence, making it a valuable part of treatment plans. It helps reduce cravings, supports long-term abstinence, stabilizes brain chemistry disrupted by alcohol use, and works best when combined with counseling or behavioral therapies.

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Acamprosate can help curb alcohol cravings, making it an effective option for supporting recovery.

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Individuals using Acamprosate as part of their treatment tend to maintain higher rates of abstinence compared to those relying on non-medication approaches alone.

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Many people taking Acamprosate experience improved mood and reduced anxiety, which can enhance overall well-being during recovery.

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Acamprosate is non-addictive and does not produce a euphoric effect, making it a safer choice for individuals worried about developing drug dependence.

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Acamprosate is metabolized through the digestive system rather than the liver, making it a safer option for individuals with liver damage caused by alcohol use.

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The ultimate goal of Acamprosate treatment is long-term sobriety. Its effectiveness is maximized when combined with other forms of support, such as therapy, counseling, or a comprehensive treatment program.

At Arizona IOP, our addiction specialists are dedicated to helping those struggling with alcohol dependence. We provide luxury rehab and personalized treatment plans, which may include Acamprosate, tailored to your specific needs. Contact our team today to explore the treatment options best suited for you.

Remember, recovery is possible, and there is always hope.

  • The World Health Organization estimates that roughly 300 million people worldwide are affected by alcohol use disorder, with about half meeting the criteria for alcohol dependence.
  • Clinical studies indicate that Acamprosate can significantly improve outcomes, increasing the cumulative duration of abstinence by 11% and reducing the risk of relapse to any drinking by 86% compared to placebo during treatment.
  • In one-year follow-up trials, abstinence rates with Acamprosate in placebo-controlled studies ranged from 18% to 35%.

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